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Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>There are more than 1,200 geological Formations and Members defined within the Republic. Their delineation is based on a variety of factors, many of which are of no relevance to the hydrogeological properties of the aquifer (for example, type of fossil). GSI</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>s Groundwater Section have, therefore, evaluated these Formations and Members and reduced them to 27 'Rock Unit Groups' that have hydrogeological significance.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The Rock Unit Groups are defined within a stratigraphic framework on the basis of what is understand to be important differences between rock units/ rock unit groups in terms of groundwater flow properties. For example, </SPAN></SPAN></P><UL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>limestone purity and susceptibility to karstification; </SPAN></SPAN></P></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>bedding presence or absence and its influence on the prevalence of jointing;</SPAN></SPAN></P></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>degree of deformation and its impact on flow properties (e.g., older rocks have been deformed many times since their formation, so lack pore spaces and connected fracture networks). </SPAN></SPAN></P></LI></UL><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The way in which the aquifer classification has been undertaken is on the basis of </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>‘</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>Rock Unit Groups</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>rather than the individual </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>‘</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>rock units</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>(Formations). Note that a particular Rock Unit Group can, and often does have, a different aquifer classification in different parts of the country (for example, the Dinantian Pure Unbedded Limestones aquifer classification ranges from Ll to Rkc and Rkd, depending upon location).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The 27 rock unit groups are as follows:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>1. Permo-Triassic Sandstones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>2. Permo-Triassic Mudstones and Gypsum </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>3. Westphalian Sandstones </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>4. Westphalian Shales</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>5. Namurian Shales</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>6. Namurian Sandstones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>7. Namurian Undifferentiated</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>8. Dinantian Shales and Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>9. Dinantian Mixed Sandstones, Shales and Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>10. Dinantian Sandstones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>11. Dinantian Pure Bedded Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>12. Dinantian Upper Impure Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>13. Dinantian Dolomitised Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>14. Dinantian Pure Unbedded Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>15. Dinantian Lower Impure Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>16. Dinantian (early) Sandstones, Shales and Limestones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>17. Dinantian Mudstones and Sandstones (Cork Group)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>18. Devonian Kiltorcan-type Sandstones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>19. Devonian Old Red Sandstones</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>20. Silurian Metasediments and Volcanics</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>21. Ordovician Metasediments</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>22. Ordovician Volcanics</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>23. Cambrian Metasediments</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>24. Precambrian Quartzites, Gneisses & Schists</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>25. Precambrian Marbles</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>26. Granites & other Igneous Intrusive rocks</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>27. Basalts & other Volcanic rocks</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>There is also an </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>‘</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>unclassified</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>class for areas of the map where the geology is undefined. Sands and Gravels are defined separately.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-size:10pt">Scale: 1:</SPAN><SPAN STYLE="font-size:10pt">10</SPAN><SPAN STYLE="font-size:10pt">0,000</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
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